![]() We have grown leaps and bounds to be the best Online Tuition Website in India with immensely talented Vedantu Master Teachers, from the most reputed institutions. Vedantu LIVE Online Master Classes is an incredibly personalized tutoring platform for you, while you are staying at your home. Therefore, the value torque will be maximum when the angle between the electric field and the dipole moment is 90⁰ We know that the torque acting on a dipole placed in an external electric field is given by, When an Electric Dipole P is Placed in a Uniform Electric Field E, at What Angle Between P and E the Value of Torque will be Maximum?Īns: Given that an electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field. The study of dipoles and the dipole moments will help us understand the concept of polarization.ġ. Therefore, the study of an electric dipole is important. This was more evident by studying the electric dipole moment. In a system, if the net charge is zero, that does not mean that there will be no electric field or the electric field will be absent. On applying an electric field, the polar molecules will align themselves in the direction of the electric field. These dipoles are randomly oriented in the absence of an external electric field. Polar molecules possess permanent dipole moments. Non-Polar Molecules: If the center of mass of positive charge coincides with the center, charges, s of negative charge then it is known as a Non-Polar molecule. Polar Molecules: If the centre of mass of positive charge doesn’t coincide with the centre of mass of negative charge then it is known as a polar molecule. Depending upon the behaviour of the pair of charges, the molecules are subdivided into two types, We know that most of the matter made up of atoms and molecules will be electrically neutral. The concept of an electric dipole is not only having importance in physics but it is an equally valid and prominent topic in chemistry as well. Significance of Electric Dipole and the Electric Dipole Moment The torque is the force exerted on the dipoles placed in an external electric field and is given by, The electric dipole will experience some force and is known as the torque. The dimensional formula of an electric dipole isĬonsider an electric dipole placed in an external electric field. The SI unit of the electric dipole moment is Coloumb-meter(C-m). The direction of the dipole moment is always from the negative charge to the positive charge. ![]() Mathematically, the electric dipole moment is given by:Ĭonsider two point charges q and -q place on dipole axis separated by a distance 2a, then the electric dipole moment is,Įquation (1) is known as the electric dipole moment formula physics. It is denoted by P and it is a vector quantity. The dipole moment determines the strength of an electric dipole to produce the electric field. Now, the dipole moment definition is given as the product of the magnitude of charges and the separation between them. Now, let us define electric dipole moment, or in other words, let us have look at how do we define dipole moment of an electric dipole. The electric dipole moment physics plays an important role to understand the concept of polarisation. The electric dipole moment is a vector quantity, it has a specific direction and magnitude. These molecules will have fixed dipole moments because the center behavior center of the positive charge will not be coinciding with the negative charge. Some examples of electric dipoles are HCl, H₂O, CH₃COOH, etc. Whenever two equal and opposite charges are brought together there will be either some attraction or repulsion force between them. While studying electric dipole we should understand that the total charge of an electric dipole is zero does not mean that field of an electric dipole is zero. Since an electric dipole is a pair of equal and opposite charges, therefore the total charge in an electric dipole will be zero. In an electric dipole, the magnitude of both the charges will be the same, we can not consider a pair of two charges with different magnitudes. An electric dipole is a pair of equal and opposite charges separated by a considerably short distance. Before we start with the electric dipole moment we must understand what do we mean by the term dipole and dipole moment.
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